CATTI备考丨教育专题②
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与才华于一身的良心小编。
距离2018下半年的CATTI考试还有不到一个月时间，你是否准备好了呢？CATTI考试常考的各类话题，你是否都知道如何去表达呢？M君今天带来的CATTI备考系列，相信一定能在考前帮助到你。一起来学习一下吧：
Day Day Up
备考关键词：“教育”
01
名人演讲
演讲者：肯·罗宾逊，全球最具影响力的教育家、排名第一的TED演讲人，同时还是“Thinkers 50顶尖思想家”与“创造力和创新领域的全球杰出思想家”。
建议大家先看完整视频，之后再跟着练复述/口译/跟读/精听~
02
练习讲解
原演讲视频共19min，所以小编只选择了前5min来跟大家分享笔记哈~
内容梳理
在前5min演讲中，讲者Ken主要在做话题引入，切入点是“American get/don't get irony”，然后在解释原因时，引入了教育立法和他关于教育应该如何改革的内容。总体非常自然，这样的演讲思路阔以多多学习~
要点讲解
①Thank you very much.
I moved to America 12 years ago with my wife Terry and our two kids. Actually, truthfully, we moved to Los Angeles -- (Laughter) -- thinking we were moving to America, but anyway, it's a short plane ride from Los Angeles to America.
非常感谢。
12年前我移居到美国，同我的妻子泰瑞和两个孩子一起。事实上，说真的，我们只是搬到了洛杉矶，还以为到了“美国”，不过，从洛杉矶乘飞机到“美国”，用不了多长时间。
②I got here 12 years ago, and when I got here, I was told various things, like, "Americans don't get irony." Have you come across this idea? It's not true.
12年前，我刚来到美国的时候，当地人给我讲了许多东西，像“美国人不懂讽刺。” 你们也听说过这种说法吗?事实并非如此。
小贴士 come across sb/sth
phrasal verb, to meet someone or find something by chance
﹡I came across a word I'd never seen before.
③I've traveled the whole length and breadth of this country. I have found no evidence that Americans don't get irony. It's one of those cultural myths, like, "The British are reserved." I don't know why people think this. We've invaded every country we've encountered. (Laughter)
我走遍了美国各地，却从未找到任何美国人不懂讽刺的证据， 这属于文化迷思。就如同说“英国人很是保守”一样。我不知道人们为何会这样想，英国侵略了他们踏足的每片土地啊。
小贴士 the length and breadth of something
in every part of a large area各个角落
﹡We've searched the length and breadth of the country for a suitable candidate.
④But it's not true Americans don't get irony, but I just want you to know that that's what people are saying about you behind your back. You know, so when you leave living rooms in Europe, people say, thankfully, nobody was ironic in your presence.
但是说美国人不懂讽刺确实与事实不符 ，其实我只是想令大家知道，别人在背后是怎样谈论你的。在欧洲，你离开客厅时，人们会说，幸好，没人当着你的面冷嘲热讽什么。
⑤But I knew that Americans get irony when I came across that legislation No Child Left Behind[正式引入话题]. Because whoever thought of that title gets irony, don't they, because -- (Laughter) (Applause) — because it's leaving millions of children behind. Now I can see that's not a very attractive name for legislation: Millions of Children Left Behind. I can see that. What's the plan? Well, we propose to leave millions of children behind, and here's how it's going to work.And it's working beautifully.
当我了解到“不让一个孩子掉队”这条立法时，我就知道了美国人是懂得讽刺的。想出这条立法标题的人，就很懂得讽刺，难道不是吗，因为-- 因为数百万的儿童被撇下了，我从中看到的是一个并不招人待见的名号，“数百万的孩子掉队了”。计划是什么？我们提议，把数百万儿童丢下，下面我来告诉你它如何运作，而且效果还不错。
小贴士 Child Left Behind Act
2002年1月8日，时任美国总统布什签署了No Child Left Behind Act（简称NCLB，“不让一个孩子落后”法案，又称“有教无类法案”）。该法案要求在2005—2006学年终，三至八年级的全部学生每年都必须参加阅读和数学的标准化成就测试。另外，在高中还要在参加一次。之后，再增加其他课程。根据这些考试成绩，学校可以判断学生是否为取得合格的学年成绩（Adequate Yearly Progress, AYP）做出了努力，这些成绩标志着学生是否熟练掌握了考试科目的内容。
⑥In some parts of the country, 60 percent of kids drop out of high school. In the Native American communities, it's 80 percent of kids. If we halved that number, one estimate is it would create a net gain to the U.S. economy over 10 years of nearly a trillion dollars. From an economic point of view, this is good math, isn't it, that we should do this? It actually costs an enormous amount to mop up the damage from the dropout crisis.
在美国的部分地区，60%的孩子从高中退学;在土著美国人社区，达到80%。 有一种看法是，如果这个数字减少一半，那么在未来的十年里，可以为美国的经济创造近万亿美元的净利润。从经济角度看，这是一笔好买卖，对吧，但我们应该这样做吗? 实际上，要大量的投入，才能肃清辍学危机所造成的损害。
小贴士 mop up
1.PHRASAL VERB If you mop up a liquid, you clean it with a cloth so that the liquid is absorbed. 擦干
• A waiter mopped up the mess as best he could. 一位服务生尽力地擦干遗洒物。
2.PHRASAL VERB If you mop up something that you think is undesirable or dangerous, you remove it or deal with it so that it is no longer a problem. 清除 (不合意或危险的事物)
• The infantry divisions mopped up remaining centres of resistance.
几个步兵师肃清了残余的抵抗据点。
⑦But the dropout crisis is just the tip of an iceberg. What it doesn't count are all the kids who are in school but being disengaged from it, who don't enjoy it, who don't get any real benefit from it.
但辍学危机仅仅是冰山一角，没算在内的是那些人在上学，心却辍了学的孩子，他们不喜欢学习，无法真正从中获益。
⑧And the reason is not that we're not spending enough money. America spends more money on education than most other countries. Class sizes are smaller than in many countries. And there are hundreds of initiatives every year to try and improve education.
其原因，不是我们没有投入足够的钱，在教育领域，美国比大多数国家，投入了更多的资金，班级规模也更小。每年都有上千条立法提案，尝试改善教育制度。
⑨The trouble is, it's all going in the wrong direction.[重要观点句子] There are three principles on which human life flourishes, and they are contradicted by the culture of education under which most teachers have to labor and most students have to endure.
问题是，我们走错了方向。 有三条法则，可以让我们的生活更加繁荣，而现行的教育文化却与之相抵触，多数教师教得辛苦，学生学的痛苦。
小贴士
labor 作为动词的用法
艰苦地做；吃力地做 If you labour to do something, you do it with difficulty.
•For twenty-five years now he has laboured to build a religious community.他呕心沥血地建立一个宗教社区，至今已有25个年头。
endure
VERB 动词 忍耐；忍受 If you endure a painful or difficult situation, you experience it and do not avoid it or give up, usually because you cannot.
•The company endured heavy financial losses.那家公司遭受了严重亏损。
重点总结：
▪
移居/搬到美国 move to America
▪
偶遇 come across
▪
我走遍了美国各地
I've traveled the whole length and breadth of this country
▪
高中辍学 drop out of high school
▪
将...砍半/减少一半 halve
▪
为...创造...的净收入
create a net gain to...of...$
▪
这笔买卖不错
this is good math
▪
肃清 mop up
▪
冰山一角 the tip of an iceberg
▪
班级容量/规模 class size
▪
与...相矛盾 be contradicted by
（文章转载自“北京策马翻译”微信公众号）
我只是一条分割线
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